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The Holzer Permaculture is a branch of permaculture developed independently from the mainstream permaculture in Austria by Sepp Holzer. It is particularly noteworthy because it grew out of practical application and was relatively detached from the scientific community. Sepp Holzer started reorganising his father's property according to ecological patterns in the early 1960s after he took over the farm. As an adolescent he conducted layman experiments with plants native to the area and learned from his own observations. As of 2010 he still lives on the same property which has expanded from 24 to 45 hectares and works successfully according to his (methods ) together with his wife. ==Description== It is difficult to make out differences between the methods and practices of Sepp Holzer in contrast to the more scientific and theoretical permacultural mainstream. One aspect is the abandonment of horticultural principles such as intercropping plants with very high and very low pH requirements (for example, Rhododendron with roses). Instead, Holzer mixes thirty or more different types of seeds in a bucket and tosses the mix richly onto a larger area. His designs are mostly aiming at raising temperatures and creating micro-climates with rocks, ponds and living wind barriers, in an area with 4°C on the average and -20°C in the winter. Another aspect was the necessity of creating terraces on his farm's hillsides leading him to the use of heavy machinery. He also uses animal labor alongside human labor, working his farm with only two people. He optimizes the natural patterns of animal behavior to reduce human or machine-driven labor. As an example: he uses swine to plow his fields for sowing. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Holzer Permaculture」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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